28. The doctor will ____ on the patient’s lung tomorrow to fix a blockage in one of the arteries.
(A)affect
(B)involve
(C)operate
(D)repeat
解析
(A)錯誤。affect 是及物動詞，不接介系詞 on。
(B)錯誤。involve 指牽涉，不用於施行手術。
(C)正確。operate on 指「對……施行手術」；後半句說要處理動脈阻塞，正是手術的目的。
(D)錯誤。repeat 指重複。
答案為官方標準答案；以上解析由 AI 撰寫，非官方解析，僅供理解參考。
113年公務人員高等考試三級考試暨普通考試｜法學知識與英文｜第 28 題
29. Our conversation turned ____ when my friend brought up a very personal topic that shouldn’t be mentioned at all.
(A)even
(B)awkward
(C)seamless
(D)harmonious
解析
(A)錯誤。even 作形容詞指平穩的，與提及不該提的私人話題所造成的效果不符。
(B)正確。朋友提起完全不該提的私人話題，會使談話變得「尷尬」，awkward 最貼切。
(C)錯誤。seamless 指順暢無縫的，語意相反。
(D)錯誤。harmonious 指和諧的，語意相反。
答案為官方標準答案；以上解析由 AI 撰寫，非官方解析，僅供理解參考。
113年公務人員高等考試三級考試暨普通考試｜法學知識與英文｜第 29 題
30. She didn’t say anything to the salesperson, but gave a small ____ of her shoulders and walked away.
(A)nod
(B)bow
(C)shrug
(D)curtesy
解析
(A)錯誤。nod 是點頭，動作部位是頭而非肩膀。
(B)錯誤。bow 是鞠躬，動作是彎腰而非動肩膀。
(C)正確。a shrug of one's shoulders 指「聳肩」；她不發一語只聳聳肩就走開，動作與部位都相符。
(D)錯誤。屈膝禮的動作在膝而不在肩，且拼寫亦非標準形式。
答案為官方標準答案；以上解析由 AI 撰寫，非官方解析，僅供理解參考。
113年公務人員高等考試三級考試暨普通考試｜法學知識與英文｜第 30 題
31. The police found his alibi to be ____ and decided to investigate him further.
(A)sufficient
(B)convincing
(C)suspicious
(D)foolproof
解析
(A)錯誤。若不在場證明充分，警方就沒有進一步調查的理由。
(B)錯誤。convincing 指有說服力的，同樣無法解釋後續的加強偵查。
(C)正確。警方認為他的不在場證明「可疑」，才會決定進一步偵查，前後因果相符。
(D)錯誤。foolproof 指萬無一失的，語意與後半句矛盾。
答案為官方標準答案；以上解析由 AI 撰寫，非官方解析，僅供理解參考。
113年公務人員高等考試三級考試暨普通考試｜法學知識與英文｜第 31 題
32. This family’s mealtime conversations often ____ around their children’s schoolwork activities to monitor theirprogress.
(A)dissolved
(B)revolved
(C)devoted
(D)provoked
解析
(A)錯誤。dissolve 指溶解、解散，不與 around 搭配表示圍繞某話題。
(B)正確。revolve around 指「圍繞著……打轉」；這家人的餐桌話題常圍繞孩子的課業活動，以便掌握進度。
(C)錯誤。devote 須用 devote to，且受詞應為心力。
(D)錯誤。provoke 指激怒、引發。
答案為官方標準答案；以上解析由 AI 撰寫，非官方解析，僅供理解參考。
113年公務人員高等考試三級考試暨普通考試｜法學知識與英文｜第 32 題
33. Instead of working on her own, Jane enjoys doing her class assignments and projects through ____ with herclassmates.
(A)collaboration
(B)exaggeration
(C)intervention
(D)prosecution
解析
(A)正確。與句首 Instead of working on her own 形成對比，珍喜歡透過與同學「合作」完成作業與專題。
(B)錯誤。exaggeration 指誇大。
(C)錯誤。intervention 指介入、干預。
(D)錯誤。prosecution 指起訴。
答案為官方標準答案；以上解析由 AI 撰寫，非官方解析，僅供理解參考。
113年公務人員高等考試三級考試暨普通考試｜法學知識與英文｜第 33 題
34. Taiwan’s Centers for Disease Control advised citizens to have at least four vaccination shots against Covid-19 whenthe ____ raged across the island.
(A)entertainment
(B)pandemic
(C)celebration
(D)ceremony
解析
(A)錯誤。entertainment 指娛樂，不會使疾管署建議施打疫苗。
(B)正確。rage across the island 指疫情在島內肆虐；建議施打至少四劑新冠疫苗，對應的正是 pandemic（大流行）。
(C)錯誤。celebration 指慶祝活動。
(D)錯誤。ceremony 指典禮。
答案為官方標準答案；以上解析由 AI 撰寫，非官方解析，僅供理解參考。
113年公務人員高等考試三級考試暨普通考試｜法學知識與英文｜第 34 題
35. Some people like buying high street clothes to wear, whereas others prefer outfits with designer brands as they tendto ____ their high social status.
40. Peter ____ his power as supervisor by frequently asking his subordinates to do his personal matters.
(A)abused
(B)accused
(C)alleged
(D)amplified
解析
(A)正確。abuse one's power 指「濫用職權」；經常要求下屬處理自己的私事，正是濫用主管權力的典型。
(B)錯誤。accuse 指指控，受詞應為人。
(C)錯誤。allege 指宣稱、指稱。
(D)錯誤。amplify 指放大、增強。
答案為官方標準答案；以上解析由 AI 撰寫，非官方解析，僅供理解參考。
113年公務人員高等考試三級考試暨普通考試｜法學知識與英文｜第 40 題
41. 依上文，選出第 41 格最適當的答案。
“Somebody must have made a false accusation against Josef K., for he was arrested one morning without havingdone anything wrong.” As in Kafka’s long story Metamorphosis—which begins with the line “Gregor Samsa awoke onemorning from uneasy dreams to find himself ___(41)___ in his bed into a gigantic insect”—the entire narrative of The Trialemerges from the condition that announces itself in the opening sentence. The protagonist, Josef K., never discovers whathe is being ___(42)___ , and is never able to understand the principles governing the system of justice in which he findshimself ensnared. Instead, the narrative follows his exhausting determination to understand and to ___(43)___ his innocencein the complete absence of any doctrine that would explain to him what it would mean to be ___(44)___ , or indeed, of whathe actually stands accused. In following Josef K.’s struggle toward ___(45)___ , the novel presents us with an astonishinglymoving account of what it is to be born naked and defenseless into a completely incomprehensible system, armed onlywith a devout conviction of innocence.
(A)transported
(B)translated
(C)entertained
(D)transformed
解析
(A)錯誤。transported 指被運送，與變成昆蟲的情節不符。
(B)錯誤。translated 指被翻譯。
(C)錯誤。entertained 指被娛樂。
(D)正確。文中所引的是〈變形記〉的開場：主角一覺醒來發現自己在床上「變成」一隻巨大的蟲；be transformed into 正是變形之意。
答案為官方標準答案；以上解析由 AI 撰寫，非官方解析，僅供理解參考。
113年公務人員高等考試三級考試暨普通考試｜法學知識與英文｜第 41 題
42. 依上文，選出第 42 格最適當的答案。
“Somebody must have made a false accusation against Josef K., for he was arrested one morning without havingdone anything wrong.” As in Kafka’s long story Metamorphosis—which begins with the line “Gregor Samsa awoke onemorning from uneasy dreams to find himself ___(41)___ in his bed into a gigantic insect”—the entire narrative of The Trialemerges from the condition that announces itself in the opening sentence. The protagonist, Josef K., never discovers whathe is being ___(42)___ , and is never able to understand the principles governing the system of justice in which he findshimself ensnared. Instead, the narrative follows his exhausting determination to understand and to ___(43)___ his innocencein the complete absence of any doctrine that would explain to him what it would mean to be ___(44)___ , or indeed, of whathe actually stands accused. In following Josef K.’s struggle toward ___(45)___ , the novel presents us with an astonishinglymoving account of what it is to be born naked and defenseless into a completely incomprehensible system, armed onlywith a devout conviction of innocence.
(A)connected by
(B)convinced of
(C)charged with
(D)exempted from
解析
(A)錯誤。connected by 指被……連接，語意不合。
(B)錯誤。be convinced of 指確信某事，主詞應為相信者。
(C)正確。be charged with 指「被控以（某罪名）」；主角始終不知道自己被控什麼罪，正呼應下文的 what he actually stands accused of。
(D)錯誤。exempted from 指被免除，與遭受審判的處境相反。
答案為官方標準答案；以上解析由 AI 撰寫，非官方解析，僅供理解參考。
113年公務人員高等考試三級考試暨普通考試｜法學知識與英文｜第 42 題
43. 依上文，選出第 43 格最適當的答案。
“Somebody must have made a false accusation against Josef K., for he was arrested one morning without havingdone anything wrong.” As in Kafka’s long story Metamorphosis—which begins with the line “Gregor Samsa awoke onemorning from uneasy dreams to find himself ___(41)___ in his bed into a gigantic insect”—the entire narrative of The Trialemerges from the condition that announces itself in the opening sentence. The protagonist, Josef K., never discovers whathe is being ___(42)___ , and is never able to understand the principles governing the system of justice in which he findshimself ensnared. Instead, the narrative follows his exhausting determination to understand and to ___(43)___ his innocencein the complete absence of any doctrine that would explain to him what it would mean to be ___(44)___ , or indeed, of whathe actually stands accused. In following Josef K.’s struggle toward ___(45)___ , the novel presents us with an astonishinglymoving account of what it is to be born naked and defenseless into a completely incomprehensible system, armed onlywith a devout conviction of innocence.
(A)contest
(B)protect
(C)detest
(D)arrest
解析
(A)錯誤。contest 指爭辯、質疑，與捍衛自身清白的方向相反。
(B)正確。在毫無可循法理的情況下，主角仍拚命想理解並「維護」自己的清白，protect his innocence 與末句的 devout conviction of innocence 相呼應。
(C)錯誤。detest 指厭惡。
(D)錯誤。arrest 指逮捕。
答案為官方標準答案；以上解析由 AI 撰寫，非官方解析，僅供理解參考。
113年公務人員高等考試三級考試暨普通考試｜法學知識與英文｜第 43 題
44. 依上文，選出第 44 格最適當的答案。
“Somebody must have made a false accusation against Josef K., for he was arrested one morning without havingdone anything wrong.” As in Kafka’s long story Metamorphosis—which begins with the line “Gregor Samsa awoke onemorning from uneasy dreams to find himself ___(41)___ in his bed into a gigantic insect”—the entire narrative of The Trialemerges from the condition that announces itself in the opening sentence. The protagonist, Josef K., never discovers whathe is being ___(42)___ , and is never able to understand the principles governing the system of justice in which he findshimself ensnared. Instead, the narrative follows his exhausting determination to understand and to ___(43)___ his innocencein the complete absence of any doctrine that would explain to him what it would mean to be ___(44)___ , or indeed, of whathe actually stands accused. In following Josef K.’s struggle toward ___(45)___ , the novel presents us with an astonishinglymoving account of what it is to be born naked and defenseless into a completely incomprehensible system, armed onlywith a devout conviction of innocence.
“Somebody must have made a false accusation against Josef K., for he was arrested one morning without havingdone anything wrong.” As in Kafka’s long story Metamorphosis—which begins with the line “Gregor Samsa awoke onemorning from uneasy dreams to find himself ___(41)___ in his bed into a gigantic insect”—the entire narrative of The Trialemerges from the condition that announces itself in the opening sentence. The protagonist, Josef K., never discovers whathe is being ___(42)___ , and is never able to understand the principles governing the system of justice in which he findshimself ensnared. Instead, the narrative follows his exhausting determination to understand and to ___(43)___ his innocencein the complete absence of any doctrine that would explain to him what it would mean to be ___(44)___ , or indeed, of whathe actually stands accused. In following Josef K.’s struggle toward ___(45)___ , the novel presents us with an astonishinglymoving account of what it is to be born naked and defenseless into a completely incomprehensible system, armed onlywith a devout conviction of innocence.
46. According to this passage, which of the following is closest in meaning to the phrase “make the cut”?
Guide dogs are service or assistance dogs trained specifically to help people with a visual impairment navigatearound. Apart from helping people navigate, they are a companion and provide a sense of freedom to the visuallyimpaired. We all might have seen a guide dog with a person, but do we know how they help the visually impaired personor handler? Do we know the intensity of training and what it takes to be a guide dog? Here are a couple of things youprobably didn’t know about guide dogs.First, not every dog is cut out to be a guide dog. They are carefully chosen for breeding with the sole purpose totrain them to be a guide dog. Most of the guide dogs originate from a carefully planned breeding program. Enormousfocus is given to the physical health and characteristics like intelligence, good temperament, stability and willingness towork. It is a known fact that when puppies are screened, only about 70% make the cut.In addition, the training period for a guide dog from the time of its birth is anywhere between 15-18 months. Theygo through two different stages in their training. The first stage is when the puppies spend about a year in a specificvolunteer’s household. They learn to abide by some guidelines and are exposed to different people, sounds, situations,places like railway stations, shops, traffic areas as a part of their training. They’re exposed to a fun and unique training.On the second stage, the dogs receive a formal training at a training center by professionals. This training lasts for about5-6 months. The dogs are assessed at regular intervals and continuously monitored for progress.
(A)Comply.
(B)Apply.
(C)Qualify.
(D)Quantify.
解析
(A)錯誤。comply 指遵從規定，與通過篩選不同。
(B)錯誤。apply 指申請，幼犬並非自行提出申請。
(C)正確。文中說幼犬受篩選時只有約七成 make the cut，指的是「達到標準、獲選錄取」，與 qualify 最為接近。
(D)錯誤。quantify 指量化。
答案為官方標準答案；以上解析由 AI 撰寫，非官方解析，僅供理解參考。
113年公務人員高等考試三級考試暨普通考試｜法學知識與英文｜第 46 題
47. According to the passage, which of the following qualities is not going to be taken account of for choosing a guide dog?
Guide dogs are service or assistance dogs trained specifically to help people with a visual impairment navigatearound. Apart from helping people navigate, they are a companion and provide a sense of freedom to the visuallyimpaired. We all might have seen a guide dog with a person, but do we know how they help the visually impaired personor handler? Do we know the intensity of training and what it takes to be a guide dog? Here are a couple of things youprobably didn’t know about guide dogs.First, not every dog is cut out to be a guide dog. They are carefully chosen for breeding with the sole purpose totrain them to be a guide dog. Most of the guide dogs originate from a carefully planned breeding program. Enormousfocus is given to the physical health and characteristics like intelligence, good temperament, stability and willingness towork. It is a known fact that when puppies are screened, only about 70% make the cut.In addition, the training period for a guide dog from the time of its birth is anywhere between 15-18 months. Theygo through two different stages in their training. The first stage is when the puppies spend about a year in a specificvolunteer’s household. They learn to abide by some guidelines and are exposed to different people, sounds, situations,places like railway stations, shops, traffic areas as a part of their training. They’re exposed to a fun and unique training.On the second stage, the dogs receive a formal training at a training center by professionals. This training lasts for about5-6 months. The dogs are assessed at regular intervals and continuously monitored for progress.
(A)Good temperament.
(B)Intelligence.
(C)Physical health.
(D)Willingness to play.
解析
(A)錯誤。good temperament（良好性情）是文中明列的重點。
(B)錯誤。intelligence（聰慧）是文中明列的特質。
(C)錯誤。physical health（身體健康）是文中首先強調的項目。
(D)正確。文中所列的是 willingness to work（工作意願），不是玩耍的意願；本題要選未被納入考量者。
答案為官方標準答案；以上解析由 AI 撰寫，非官方解析，僅供理解參考。
113年公務人員高等考試三級考試暨普通考試｜法學知識與英文｜第 47 題
48. Which of the following can best describe the tone of this passage?
Guide dogs are service or assistance dogs trained specifically to help people with a visual impairment navigatearound. Apart from helping people navigate, they are a companion and provide a sense of freedom to the visuallyimpaired. We all might have seen a guide dog with a person, but do we know how they help the visually impaired personor handler? Do we know the intensity of training and what it takes to be a guide dog? Here are a couple of things youprobably didn’t know about guide dogs.First, not every dog is cut out to be a guide dog. They are carefully chosen for breeding with the sole purpose totrain them to be a guide dog. Most of the guide dogs originate from a carefully planned breeding program. Enormousfocus is given to the physical health and characteristics like intelligence, good temperament, stability and willingness towork. It is a known fact that when puppies are screened, only about 70% make the cut.In addition, the training period for a guide dog from the time of its birth is anywhere between 15-18 months. Theygo through two different stages in their training. The first stage is when the puppies spend about a year in a specificvolunteer’s household. They learn to abide by some guidelines and are exposed to different people, sounds, situations,places like railway stations, shops, traffic areas as a part of their training. They’re exposed to a fun and unique training.On the second stage, the dogs receive a formal training at a training center by professionals. This training lasts for about5-6 months. The dogs are assessed at regular intervals and continuously monitored for progress.
(A)Cynical.
(B)Indifferent.
(C)Objective.
(D)Prompt.
解析
(A)錯誤。文章沒有嘲諷或譏刺的意味。
(B)錯誤。作者對導盲犬顯然抱持肯定與興趣，並非冷漠。
(C)正確。全文以說明繁育篩選比例、訓練月數與兩個階段的內容為主，陳述事實而不加褒貶，語調客觀。
(D)錯誤。prompt 指迅速的，不是描述語調的用語。
答案為官方標準答案；以上解析由 AI 撰寫，非官方解析，僅供理解參考。
113年公務人員高等考試三級考試暨普通考試｜法學知識與英文｜第 48 題
49. According to the passage, which of the following best describes the nature of the first-stage training?
Guide dogs are service or assistance dogs trained specifically to help people with a visual impairment navigatearound. Apart from helping people navigate, they are a companion and provide a sense of freedom to the visuallyimpaired. We all might have seen a guide dog with a person, but do we know how they help the visually impaired personor handler? Do we know the intensity of training and what it takes to be a guide dog? Here are a couple of things youprobably didn’t know about guide dogs.First, not every dog is cut out to be a guide dog. They are carefully chosen for breeding with the sole purpose totrain them to be a guide dog. Most of the guide dogs originate from a carefully planned breeding program. Enormousfocus is given to the physical health and characteristics like intelligence, good temperament, stability and willingness towork. It is a known fact that when puppies are screened, only about 70% make the cut.In addition, the training period for a guide dog from the time of its birth is anywhere between 15-18 months. Theygo through two different stages in their training. The first stage is when the puppies spend about a year in a specificvolunteer’s household. They learn to abide by some guidelines and are exposed to different people, sounds, situations,places like railway stations, shops, traffic areas as a part of their training. They’re exposed to a fun and unique training.On the second stage, the dogs receive a formal training at a training center by professionals. This training lasts for about5-6 months. The dogs are assessed at regular intervals and continuously monitored for progress.
(A)Exceptional.
(B)Incredulous.
(C)Apprehensive.
(D)Malicious.
解析
(A)正確。文中說第一階段的幼犬在志工家中約一年，接觸各種人、聲音、情境與場所，並形容那是一場 fun and unique 的訓練，與「與眾不同、格外出色」相符。
(B)錯誤。incredulous 指不肯相信的，用於形容人的態度。
(C)錯誤。apprehensive 指憂懼不安的，與文中歡樂的描述相反。
(D)錯誤。malicious 指惡意的。
答案為官方標準答案；以上解析由 AI 撰寫，非官方解析，僅供理解參考。
113年公務人員高等考試三級考試暨普通考試｜法學知識與英文｜第 49 題
50. According to the passage, how often are the guide dogs evaluated on the second stage of the training?
Guide dogs are service or assistance dogs trained specifically to help people with a visual impairment navigatearound. Apart from helping people navigate, they are a companion and provide a sense of freedom to the visuallyimpaired. We all might have seen a guide dog with a person, but do we know how they help the visually impaired personor handler? Do we know the intensity of training and what it takes to be a guide dog? Here are a couple of things youprobably didn’t know about guide dogs.First, not every dog is cut out to be a guide dog. They are carefully chosen for breeding with the sole purpose totrain them to be a guide dog. Most of the guide dogs originate from a carefully planned breeding program. Enormousfocus is given to the physical health and characteristics like intelligence, good temperament, stability and willingness towork. It is a known fact that when puppies are screened, only about 70% make the cut.In addition, the training period for a guide dog from the time of its birth is anywhere between 15-18 months. Theygo through two different stages in their training. The first stage is when the puppies spend about a year in a specificvolunteer’s household. They learn to abide by some guidelines and are exposed to different people, sounds, situations,places like railway stations, shops, traffic areas as a part of their training. They’re exposed to a fun and unique training.On the second stage, the dogs receive a formal training at a training center by professionals. This training lasts for about5-6 months. The dogs are assessed at regular intervals and continuously monitored for progress.
(A)Constantly.
(B)Sporadically.
(C)Casually.
(D)Occasionally.
解析
(A)正確。文中說第二階段的犬隻 assessed at regular intervals 並受 continuously monitored，即定期評估、持續追蹤，故為「不間斷地」。
87. These two nations finally _____ to war after their negotiation failed.
(A)resisted
(B)refrained
(C)resorted
(D)retracted
解析
(A)錯誤。resist 指抵抗，語意與訴諸戰爭不同。
(B)錯誤。refrain 指克制、避免，與開戰的結果相反。
(C)正確。resort to war 指「訴諸戰爭」；談判破裂後兩國最終走上戰爭一途。
(D)錯誤。retract 指收回、撤回。
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113年公務人員高等考試三級考試暨普通考試｜法學知識與英文｜第 37 題
88. This nice apartment which has a good _____ to the MRT station was sold at a very high price.
(A)decoration
(B)garden
(C)studio
(D)access
解析
(A)錯誤。decoration 指裝潢，不與 to the MRT station 搭配。
(B)錯誤。garden 指花園，與捷運站的距離無關。
(C)錯誤。studio 指套房或工作室。
(D)正確。have good access to 指「前往……很方便」；鄰近捷運站正是這間公寓賣得高價的原因。
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113年公務人員高等考試三級考試暨普通考試｜法學知識與英文｜第 38 題
89. The strike was called to _____ better wages and working conditions for the employees.
(A)deceive
(B)demand
(C)deploy
(D)depart
解析
(A)錯誤。deceive 指欺騙。
(B)正確。罷工的目的是為員工「爭取、要求」更好的工資與工作條件，demand 正合語意。
(C)錯誤。deploy 指部署，受詞通常是兵力或資源。
(D)錯誤。depart 指離開、出發。
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113年公務人員高等考試三級考試暨普通考試｜法學知識與英文｜第 39 題
90. To book a hotel room, you will need to make a 50% _____ in advance with your credit card.
(A)decision
(B)defense
(C)demand
(D)deposit
解析
(A)錯誤。decision 指決定，不與百分比搭配用於訂房。
(B)錯誤。defense 指防禦。
(C)錯誤。demand 指要求，不是預付的款項。
(D)正確。make a deposit 指「支付訂金」；訂房須先以信用卡預付百分之五十的訂金。
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113年公務人員高等考試三級考試暨普通考試｜法學知識與英文｜第 40 題
91. 依上文，選出第 41 格最適當的答案。
A recent study from Brazil finds a connection between vegetarianism and mental health issues. The study,in which 14,216 people between 35 to 74 years old were surveyed, shows that individuals following vegetariandiets are more ___(41)___ to depression. In fact, those who don’t eat meat are twice more likely to have a depressiveepisode than meat consumers.While there is evidence ___(42)___ to a lack of meat consumption causing more mental health issues, there aresome conflicting studies that find no correlation between vegetarian diets and mood effects. According to thesestudies, it might be too straightforward to ___(43)___ that the former is causing the latter via nutritional deficiency. Ahealthy diet goes ___(44)___ identifying as a vegetarian or non-vegetarian. There are other ___(45)___ not examined butare plausibly linked to both vegetarianism and depression. One thing for sure is that a balanced intake accompaniedby regular exercise is essential in maintaining physical and mental health.
(A)attainable
(B)conceivable
(C)susceptible
(D)tangible
解析
(A)錯誤。attainable 指可達成的，不與 to depression 搭配。
(B)錯誤。conceivable 指可想像的。
(C)正確。be susceptible to 指「易罹患、易受……影響」；研究發現素食者更容易罹患憂鬱症，下句也說其發生憂鬱發作的機率是食肉者的兩倍。
(D)錯誤。tangible 指有形的、可觸知的。
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113年公務人員高等考試三級考試暨普通考試｜法學知識與英文｜第 41 題
92. 依上文，選出第 42 格最適當的答案。
A recent study from Brazil finds a connection between vegetarianism and mental health issues. The study,in which 14,216 people between 35 to 74 years old were surveyed, shows that individuals following vegetariandiets are more ___(41)___ to depression. In fact, those who don’t eat meat are twice more likely to have a depressiveepisode than meat consumers.While there is evidence ___(42)___ to a lack of meat consumption causing more mental health issues, there aresome conflicting studies that find no correlation between vegetarian diets and mood effects. According to thesestudies, it might be too straightforward to ___(43)___ that the former is causing the latter via nutritional deficiency. Ahealthy diet goes ___(44)___ identifying as a vegetarian or non-vegetarian. There are other ___(45)___ not examined butare plausibly linked to both vegetarianism and depression. One thing for sure is that a balanced intake accompaniedby regular exercise is essential in maintaining physical and mental health.
A recent study from Brazil finds a connection between vegetarianism and mental health issues. The study,in which 14,216 people between 35 to 74 years old were surveyed, shows that individuals following vegetariandiets are more ___(41)___ to depression. In fact, those who don’t eat meat are twice more likely to have a depressiveepisode than meat consumers.While there is evidence ___(42)___ to a lack of meat consumption causing more mental health issues, there aresome conflicting studies that find no correlation between vegetarian diets and mood effects. According to thesestudies, it might be too straightforward to ___(43)___ that the former is causing the latter via nutritional deficiency. Ahealthy diet goes ___(44)___ identifying as a vegetarian or non-vegetarian. There are other ___(45)___ not examined butare plausibly linked to both vegetarianism and depression. One thing for sure is that a balanced intake accompaniedby regular exercise is essential in maintaining physical and mental health.
(A)assume
(B)perform
(C)execute
(D)transform
解析
(A)正確。assume that 指「（未經充分證據就）認定、假定」；後句說這樣的因果推論可能過於直接，正呼應貿然斷定之意。
(B)錯誤。perform 指執行、表演，不接 that 子句作此用法。
(C)錯誤。execute 指執行，同樣不接 that 子句表示推斷。
(D)錯誤。transform 指轉變。
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113年公務人員高等考試三級考試暨普通考試｜法學知識與英文｜第 43 題
94. 依上文，選出第 44 格最適當的答案。
A recent study from Brazil finds a connection between vegetarianism and mental health issues. The study,in which 14,216 people between 35 to 74 years old were surveyed, shows that individuals following vegetariandiets are more ___(41)___ to depression. In fact, those who don’t eat meat are twice more likely to have a depressiveepisode than meat consumers.While there is evidence ___(42)___ to a lack of meat consumption causing more mental health issues, there aresome conflicting studies that find no correlation between vegetarian diets and mood effects. According to thesestudies, it might be too straightforward to ___(43)___ that the former is causing the latter via nutritional deficiency. Ahealthy diet goes ___(44)___ identifying as a vegetarian or non-vegetarian. There are other ___(45)___ not examined butare plausibly linked to both vegetarianism and depression. One thing for sure is that a balanced intake accompaniedby regular exercise is essential in maintaining physical and mental health.
(A)except for
(B)less than
(C)nothing but
(D)far beyond
解析
(A)錯誤。except for 指除……之外，語意不合。
(B)錯誤。less than 指少於，與健康飲食涉及面向更廣的語意相反。
(C)錯誤。nothing but 指只不過是，語意相反。
(D)正確。go far beyond 指「遠不止於」；健康飲食所牽涉的遠超過是否自認為素食者，正好帶出下句所說的其他變因。
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113年公務人員高等考試三級考試暨普通考試｜法學知識與英文｜第 44 題
95. 依上文，選出第 45 格最適當的答案。
A recent study from Brazil finds a connection between vegetarianism and mental health issues. The study,in which 14,216 people between 35 to 74 years old were surveyed, shows that individuals following vegetariandiets are more ___(41)___ to depression. In fact, those who don’t eat meat are twice more likely to have a depressiveepisode than meat consumers.While there is evidence ___(42)___ to a lack of meat consumption causing more mental health issues, there aresome conflicting studies that find no correlation between vegetarian diets and mood effects. According to thesestudies, it might be too straightforward to ___(43)___ that the former is causing the latter via nutritional deficiency. Ahealthy diet goes ___(44)___ identifying as a vegetarian or non-vegetarian. There are other ___(45)___ not examined butare plausibly linked to both vegetarianism and depression. One thing for sure is that a balanced intake accompaniedby regular exercise is essential in maintaining physical and mental health.
96. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true？
Most food staples are inexpensive, plant-based foods, usually full of calories for energy. There are more than 50,000edible plants in the world, but just 15 of them provide 90 percent of the world’s food energy intake. Rice, corn, and wheatmake up two-thirds of this. Food staples traditionally depend on what plants are native to a region.Rice is a food staple for more than 3.5 billion people around the world, particularly in Asia, Latin America, andparts of Africa. Rice has been cultivated in Asia for thousands of years. Scientists believe people first domesticated ricein India or Southeast Asia. Rice arrived in Japan in about 3,000 years ago. The Portuguese most likely introduced it intoSouth America in the 16th century. Today, the world’s largest rice producers are China, India, and Indonesia. Outside ofAsia, Brazil is the largest rice producer.Corn is native to Central America, where it was domesticated by the Aztecs and Mayans. The United States is theworld’s largest corn grower, producing more than 40 percent of the world’s corn. Corn is often used to produce corn oil,sweeteners such as corn syrup, and cornstarch, which is used as a sweetener and thickening agent in home cooking. Also,alcohol from fermented corn is the source of bourbon whiskey.Wheat was first domesticated in the Middle East. Wheat grows well in temperate climates, even those with a short growingseason. Today, China, India, the United States, Russia, and France are among the largest wheat producers in the world. Themajority of breads are made with wheat flour. Wheat flour is also used in pasta, pastries, crackers, breakfast cereals, and noodles.In addition to cereal grains, roots, and tubers are common food staples, particularly in tropical regions. Yams are animportant food in the rainforests of West Africa. Potatoes are native to the cold climate of the Andes Mountains. Theywere introduced to Europe by explorers of the 16th century and are now a food staple in Europe and parts of the Americas.
(A)People first grew corn in Central America.
(B)Potatoes were first domesticated in Europe.
(C)Wheat was first cultivated in the Middle East.
(D)People in India or Southeast Asia grew rice first.
97. According to the passage, which of the following best describes the role a food staple plays in human society？
Most food staples are inexpensive, plant-based foods, usually full of calories for energy. There are more than 50,000edible plants in the world, but just 15 of them provide 90 percent of the world’s food energy intake. Rice, corn, and wheatmake up two-thirds of this. Food staples traditionally depend on what plants are native to a region.Rice is a food staple for more than 3.5 billion people around the world, particularly in Asia, Latin America, andparts of Africa. Rice has been cultivated in Asia for thousands of years. Scientists believe people first domesticated ricein India or Southeast Asia. Rice arrived in Japan in about 3,000 years ago. The Portuguese most likely introduced it intoSouth America in the 16th century. Today, the world’s largest rice producers are China, India, and Indonesia. Outside ofAsia, Brazil is the largest rice producer.Corn is native to Central America, where it was domesticated by the Aztecs and Mayans. The United States is theworld’s largest corn grower, producing more than 40 percent of the world’s corn. Corn is often used to produce corn oil,sweeteners such as corn syrup, and cornstarch, which is used as a sweetener and thickening agent in home cooking. Also,alcohol from fermented corn is the source of bourbon whiskey.Wheat was first domesticated in the Middle East. Wheat grows well in temperate climates, even those with a short growingseason. Today, China, India, the United States, Russia, and France are among the largest wheat producers in the world. Themajority of breads are made with wheat flour. Wheat flour is also used in pasta, pastries, crackers, breakfast cereals, and noodles.In addition to cereal grains, roots, and tubers are common food staples, particularly in tropical regions. Yams are animportant food in the rainforests of West Africa. Potatoes are native to the cold climate of the Andes Mountains. Theywere introduced to Europe by explorers of the 16th century and are now a food staple in Europe and parts of the Americas.
(A)A product that is manufactured mainly for exportation.
(B)A town used as a center for the sale of commodities in bulk.
(C)A small piece of wire used to fasten sheets of paper together.
(D)A food that makes up the dominant part of a population’s diet.
98. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT mentioned as a product made from corn？
Most food staples are inexpensive, plant-based foods, usually full of calories for energy. There are more than 50,000edible plants in the world, but just 15 of them provide 90 percent of the world’s food energy intake. Rice, corn, and wheatmake up two-thirds of this. Food staples traditionally depend on what plants are native to a region.Rice is a food staple for more than 3.5 billion people around the world, particularly in Asia, Latin America, andparts of Africa. Rice has been cultivated in Asia for thousands of years. Scientists believe people first domesticated ricein India or Southeast Asia. Rice arrived in Japan in about 3,000 years ago. The Portuguese most likely introduced it intoSouth America in the 16th century. Today, the world’s largest rice producers are China, India, and Indonesia. Outside ofAsia, Brazil is the largest rice producer.Corn is native to Central America, where it was domesticated by the Aztecs and Mayans. The United States is theworld’s largest corn grower, producing more than 40 percent of the world’s corn. Corn is often used to produce corn oil,sweeteners such as corn syrup, and cornstarch, which is used as a sweetener and thickening agent in home cooking. Also,alcohol from fermented corn is the source of bourbon whiskey.Wheat was first domesticated in the Middle East. Wheat grows well in temperate climates, even those with a short growingseason. Today, China, India, the United States, Russia, and France are among the largest wheat producers in the world. Themajority of breads are made with wheat flour. Wheat flour is also used in pasta, pastries, crackers, breakfast cereals, and noodles.In addition to cereal grains, roots, and tubers are common food staples, particularly in tropical regions. Yams are animportant food in the rainforests of West Africa. Potatoes are native to the cold climate of the Andes Mountains. Theywere introduced to Europe by explorers of the 16th century and are now a food staple in Europe and parts of the Americas.
(A)Corn oil.
(B)Liquor.
(C)Sweeteners.
(D)Breakfast cereals.
解析
(A)錯誤。文中明列玉米可製成玉米油。
(B)錯誤。文中說發酵玉米所得的酒精是波本威士忌的來源，即屬酒類。
(C)錯誤。文中明列玉米糖漿等甜味劑。
(D)正確。早餐穀片在文中是列於小麥麵粉的用途之下，並未提及以玉米製成；本題要選未被提及者。
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113年公務人員高等考試三級考試暨普通考試｜法學知識與英文｜第 48 題
99. Which of the following is closet in meaning to the word “temperate” in the passage？
Most food staples are inexpensive, plant-based foods, usually full of calories for energy. There are more than 50,000edible plants in the world, but just 15 of them provide 90 percent of the world’s food energy intake. Rice, corn, and wheatmake up two-thirds of this. Food staples traditionally depend on what plants are native to a region.Rice is a food staple for more than 3.5 billion people around the world, particularly in Asia, Latin America, andparts of Africa. Rice has been cultivated in Asia for thousands of years. Scientists believe people first domesticated ricein India or Southeast Asia. Rice arrived in Japan in about 3,000 years ago. The Portuguese most likely introduced it intoSouth America in the 16th century. Today, the world’s largest rice producers are China, India, and Indonesia. Outside ofAsia, Brazil is the largest rice producer.Corn is native to Central America, where it was domesticated by the Aztecs and Mayans. The United States is theworld’s largest corn grower, producing more than 40 percent of the world’s corn. Corn is often used to produce corn oil,sweeteners such as corn syrup, and cornstarch, which is used as a sweetener and thickening agent in home cooking. Also,alcohol from fermented corn is the source of bourbon whiskey.Wheat was first domesticated in the Middle East. Wheat grows well in temperate climates, even those with a short growingseason. Today, China, India, the United States, Russia, and France are among the largest wheat producers in the world. Themajority of breads are made with wheat flour. Wheat flour is also used in pasta, pastries, crackers, breakfast cereals, and noodles.In addition to cereal grains, roots, and tubers are common food staples, particularly in tropical regions. Yams are animportant food in the rainforests of West Africa. Potatoes are native to the cold climate of the Andes Mountains. Theywere introduced to Europe by explorers of the 16th century and are now a food staple in Europe and parts of the Americas.
(A)Mild.
(B)Dull.
(C)Harsh.
(D)Thrifty.
解析
(A)正確。temperate climates 指氣候「溫和」的地區，與 mild 意思最接近。
(B)錯誤。dull 指單調乏味的，不用於形容氣候帶。
(C)錯誤。harsh 指嚴酷的，與溫和恰好相反。
(D)錯誤。thrifty 指節儉的，是 temperate 用於形容人時的另一義，不合此處語境。
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113年公務人員高等考試三級考試暨普通考試｜法學知識與英文｜第 49 題
100. Which of the following is most likely to be the source of this passage？
Most food staples are inexpensive, plant-based foods, usually full of calories for energy. There are more than 50,000edible plants in the world, but just 15 of them provide 90 percent of the world’s food energy intake. Rice, corn, and wheatmake up two-thirds of this. Food staples traditionally depend on what plants are native to a region.Rice is a food staple for more than 3.5 billion people around the world, particularly in Asia, Latin America, andparts of Africa. Rice has been cultivated in Asia for thousands of years. Scientists believe people first domesticated ricein India or Southeast Asia. Rice arrived in Japan in about 3,000 years ago. The Portuguese most likely introduced it intoSouth America in the 16th century. Today, the world’s largest rice producers are China, India, and Indonesia. Outside ofAsia, Brazil is the largest rice producer.Corn is native to Central America, where it was domesticated by the Aztecs and Mayans. The United States is theworld’s largest corn grower, producing more than 40 percent of the world’s corn. Corn is often used to produce corn oil,sweeteners such as corn syrup, and cornstarch, which is used as a sweetener and thickening agent in home cooking. Also,alcohol from fermented corn is the source of bourbon whiskey.Wheat was first domesticated in the Middle East. Wheat grows well in temperate climates, even those with a short growingseason. Today, China, India, the United States, Russia, and France are among the largest wheat producers in the world. Themajority of breads are made with wheat flour. Wheat flour is also used in pasta, pastries, crackers, breakfast cereals, and noodles.In addition to cereal grains, roots, and tubers are common food staples, particularly in tropical regions. Yams are animportant food in the rainforests of West Africa. Potatoes are native to the cold climate of the Andes Mountains. Theywere introduced to Europe by explorers of the 16th century and are now a food staple in Europe and parts of the Americas.